Flexible production had always been the norm in Kolkata, and the informal sector has comprised more than 40% of the labour force.^[79] For example, roadside hawkers generated business worth Rs. 8,772 crore (around 2 billion U.S. dollars) in 2005.^[80] 0.81 % of the working population works in primary sector, 15.49% works in secondary sector, 83.69 works in the tertiary sector. As in many other Indian cities, information technology became a major growing sector in Kolkata since late 1990s, with the IT sector growing at 70% yearly — twice that of the national average.^[43] The 2000s also saw a surge of investments in the realty and infrastructure sector, coupled with retail and hospitality sector growth, with establishments of several shopping malls and hotels.